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Which new cars are already failing their MOT at 3 years old?

Every car in the UK faces its first MOT at three years old. It is the earliest, cleanest signal of build quality in the data: these cars are barely broken in. If they are failing already, something is wrong.

We analysed 2,421,070 first MOT tests on cars registered in 2021, covering 1,011 models with 500 or more tests each. The average pass rate is 90.0%. That sounds reassuring. But the spread between the best and worst models tells a far more interesting story.

The make that keeps winning

Before looking at individual models, the make-level picture is striking. Lexus leads every other manufacturer with a 95.2% pass rate across all its 2021-registered cars. Porsche is close behind at 94.9%. Honda (93.6%) and Toyota (92.1%) complete the top four.

At the other end: Fiat (86.3%), Tesla (86.3%), and Hyundai (87.8%). Same age of car, same MOT test, very different outcomes.

This is consistent with external data. The Warranty Solutions Group 2025 report, based on warranty claims across the UK, ranks Lexus, Toyota, and Suzuki as the most dependable brands. Lexus benefits from robust engineering and simplified electronics compared to German rivals. The MOT data confirms it.

First MOT pass rate by make (2021 cars)
Lexus95.2%
Porsche94.9%
Honda93.6%
Toyota92.1%
BMW91.4%
Hyundai87.8%
Tesla86.3%
Fiat86.3%

Why mileage changes everything

Raw pass rates are misleading. A car that has covered 60,000 miles in three years will naturally fail more than one that has done 13,000. So we normalised: failure rate per 10,000 miles driven. This is the closest the MOT data gets to measuring actual build quality.

Mercedes E 300
92.8% raw pass rate. Looks decent. But this car averages 59,976 miles in three years. Normalised: 1.2% per 10k miles. One of the very best.
Kia Picanto
89.4% raw pass rate. Looks OK. But this car averages only ~13,000 miles. Normalised: 6.34% per 10k miles. Terrible for a car doing so few miles.

The Mercedes looks worse in raw numbers but is actually built to a far higher standard when you account for how hard it has been used. Every table below uses the mileage-adjusted metric.

Best first MOT results: high-volume models

These are the 15 best-performing models with 2,000 or more tests. Large sample sizes mean the results are statistically robust. The Lexus RX stands out: 2,964 tests, 24,827 average miles, and just 1.25% failures per 10,000 miles. The Toyota Prius is remarkable for a different reason: 44,552 average miles (one of the highest-mileage cars on this list) yet still only 1.9% per 10k.

ModelFail/10k mi
Lexus RX1.25%
LR Defender Hard Top1.52%
LR Defender Se1.59%
Lexus ES1.82%
Toyota Prius1.90%
Porsche Cayenne1.91%
Audi S31.98%
Volvo XC40 Recharge1.99%
LR Range Rover Sport2.00%
LEVC TX2.06%
Porsche Macan2.09%
Mercedes GLC2.10%
VW Touareg2.14%
BMW 5 Series2.15%
Lexus NX2.20%

Worst first MOT results: high-volume models

The Fiat 500E La Prima costs around £30,000 new. It fails at 9.86% per 10,000 miles: nearly eight times the rate of the Lexus RX. Price does not predict MOT pass rates. The Toyota Prius at ~£25,000 outperforms the Range Rover Sport at ~£80,000 on a per-mile basis.

ModelFail/10k mi
Fiat 500E La Prima9.86%
Hyundai i10 (auto)9.69%
Hyundai i10 (manual)9.44%
Vauxhall Corsa Elite Nav8.23%
Ford Tourneo Connect7.92%
Ford EcoSport7.87%
Hyundai Kona Ultimate7.00%
Mini Cooper S Electric6.84%
Ford Fiesta ST-Line6.66%
Ford Galaxy6.50%

The Hyundai i10 problem

The Hyundai i10 appears twice in the worst table: automatic and manual variants. With 10,406 tests and an 84.1% average pass rate, this is not a small-sample anomaly. One in six i10s is failing its first ever MOT.

The pattern is specific. Multiple owner reports on r/CarTalkUK describe rear brakes binding at the three-to-four year mark. One post states: “The dealer says this is a common problem on Hyundai i10s and i20s around 3-4 years old, caused by the factory not properly lubricating the brake caliper slide pins.” ClickMechanic also flags brake issues and suspension concerns as common i10 problems.

This is not owner neglect. It is a manufacturing issue: factory lubrication that does not last three years. The Kia Picanto (which shares a platform with the i10) shows a similar pattern. If you own an i10 approaching its first MOT, have the rear brake calipers inspected. A pre-MOT check through BookMyGarage can catch binding brakes before they become a formal failure.

Tesla: the tyre tax

The Tesla Model 3 has 50,491 first MOT tests: one of the largest samples in the dataset. Its 86.2% pass rate sits below average for a three-year-old car, with a failPer10k of 3.62% to 3.94% depending on trim.

The reason is specific. A Tesla Model 3 weighs roughly 1,800kg, compared to about 1,300kg for a VW Golf. That extra 500kg grinds through tyres. Tesla owners on r/TeslaUK report rear tyres lasting as little as 18,600 miles. One post titled “First MOT fail on tyres” notes that “uneven tyre wear is a characteristic of the Model 3.”

But the Tesla has an advantage that most petrol cars lack: regenerative braking means the physical brake pads barely get used. Brake failures are almost absent from Tesla MOT data. It is a mixed picture: worse on tyres, better on brakes. If you are buying a used Model 3, budget for more frequent tyre replacements and check tread depth before the MOT.

The London taxi that embarrasses supercars

The LEVC TX is a London black cab. It averages 72,688 miles at its first MOT. That is nearly three times the national average for a three-year-old car. These vehicles spend their days in stop-start city traffic, crawling over speed bumps, mounting kerbs, and carrying passengers around the clock.

Its failure rate: 2.06% per 10,000 miles. That puts it in the top ten, ahead of the Porsche Macan, the Mercedes GLC, and the BMW 5 Series. A taxi covering 72,000 miles in three years has a lower mileage-adjusted failure rate than most premium cars covering half that distance.

The TX is a plug-in hybrid built by the London EV Company (owned by Geely). It was engineered specifically for the London taxi trade, where vehicle downtime costs the driver money every day. That design brief, build it to survive the hardest urban use case, shows clearly in the MOT data.

What is actually going wrong at the first MOT?

Three-year-old cars are not failing for the same reasons as ten-year-old cars. There is no corrosion, no worn suspension bushes, no exhaust rot. The failures cluster around three areas.

Tyres: weight and geometry

“Tyre seriously damaged” and “tread depth below requirements” dominate the failure lists. Heavier cars (especially EVs at 20-30% more than equivalent petrol models) wear tyres faster. Studies show EV tyres wear 20-50% more quickly. Factory suspension geometry also plays a role: some manufacturers set aggressive negative camber that improves cornering grip but eats the inner edge of the tyre.

Brakes: a three-year design window

“Brake lining worn below 1.5mm” appears on several mainstream models at under 26,000 miles. Manufacturers spec OEM brake pads to last roughly three years of typical driving: a first MOT at 36 months catches them right at the limit. EVs barely register brake failures because regenerative braking means physical pads are used far less. EV owners routinely report 70,000+ miles before needing new pads.

Wipers and washers: the £15 fail

“Wiper blade not clearing the windscreen” and “washers not providing sufficient fluid” appear across budget models. A wiper blade costs under £15 and takes two minutes to fit. It still counts as a fail.

The takeaway: First MOT failures are a mix of engineering differences (suspension geometry, brake spec, powertrain type), manufacturing choices (OEM pad life, factory lubrication), and basic maintenance. The data does not separate these cleanly. But if you are buying a three-year-old car, these mileage-adjusted numbers are the closest thing to a real-world quality score.

Full mileage-adjusted rankings (500+ tests)

The tables above show high-volume models only. Below are the full rankings for all models with 500 or more tests, sorted by failures per 10,000 miles driven.

Best build quality: 2021 cars, mileage-adjusted

Worst build quality: 2021 cars, mileage-adjusted

ModelFail/10k mi
Fiat 500E La Prima9.86%
Hyundai I10 Premium Mpi Auto9.72%
Hyundai I10 Se Connect Mpi Auto9.69%
Hyundai I10 Se Connect Mpi9.44%
Kia Picanto X-Line S Auto9.41%
Hyundai I10 Premium Mpi9.23%
Vauxhall Corsa Griffin Edition Turbo9.07%
Vauxhall Corsa Ultimate Nav Turbo Auto8.94%
Vauxhall Corsa E Se Nav8.6%
Kia Picanto Gt-Line Auto8.52%
Ssangyong Musso8.39%
Citroen E-C4 Shine +8.33%
Renault Clio Play Sce8.26%
Vauxhall Corsa E Elite Nav Premium8.23%
Hyundai I10 N Line T-Gdi8.14%
Raw pass rates: 2021 cars (not mileage-adjusted)

2022 cars: the early arrivals

Cars registered in 2022 are only two years old. Most will not need an MOT until 2025. But 78,277 have already been tested, either voluntarily, for pre-sale checks, or because they were registered early enough to hit the three-year window by late 2024. The sample is smaller (139 models) but the average pass rate of 92.1% is higher than the 2021 cohort: younger cars, fewer miles, fewer failures.

Best build quality: 2022 cars, mileage-adjusted
ModelFail/10k mi
Bmw M135I Xdrive Auto0.92%
Hyundai Ioniq 5 Premium Ev1.14%
Toyota C-Hr Gr Sport Hev Cvt1.19%
Toyota Corolla Icon Hev Cvt1.29%
Toyota Corolla Icon Tech Hev Cvt1.46%
Audi Q21.61%
Tesla Model Y Long Range Awd1.61%
Toyota Prius1.65%
Kia Niro 2 Ev1.76%
Mercedes-Benz Cla1.86%
Bmw 1181.93%
Toyota C-Hr1.93%
Levc Tx1.94%
Mini Cooper1.95%
Mini John Cooper Works2.02%
Volkswagen Id3 Life2.14%
Mini Cooper S2.31%
Skoda Enyaq Iv 602.32%
Toyota Rav42.33%
Audi A12.39%
Worst build quality: 2022 cars, mileage-adjusted
ModelFail/10k mi
Vauxhall Mokka Sri Premium Turbo Auto5.42%
Ford Ecosport5.3%
Ford Focus5.08%
Fiat 500 Dolcevita Mhev4.63%
Kia Sportage4.16%
Mg 5 Excite4.12%
Mini Countryman3.88%
Kia Picanto3.79%
Nissan Qashqai N-Connecta Dig-T Mhev3.69%
Mg Zs Se Ev3.59%
Mg 5 Exclusive3.23%
Vauxhall Mokka Sri Premium Turbo3.13%
Kia Niro2.98%
Bmw X12.96%
Ford Puma St-Line X Mhev2.93%
Ford Puma Titanium Mhev2.89%
Toyota Yaris Design Hev Cvt2.78%
Vauxhall Corsa Se Edition2.71%
Vauxhall Corsa Elite Edition2.61%
Hyundai Ioniq2.58%

Frequently asked questions

Which new cars fail their first MOT most often?

When adjusted for mileage, the Fiat 500E La Prima has the highest failure rate at 9.86% per 10,000 miles. The Hyundai i10 (automatic) follows at 9.69%, then the Hyundai i10 (manual) at 9.44%. All based on 2021-registered cars with 2,000+ tests.

Which cars have the best first MOT pass rate?

The Lexus RX leads the high-volume rankings at 1.25% failures per 10,000 miles, based on 2,964 tests. The Land Rover Defender Hard Top (1.52%) and Lexus ES (1.82%) follow. At make level, Lexus tops the table at 95.2%.

What is the average first MOT pass rate?

Based on 2,421,070 tests on 2021-registered cars, the average first MOT pass rate is 90.0%. But this varies hugely by model: from over 95% for some Lexus models to under 84% for the Hyundai i10.

Do electric cars pass the MOT more often?

It depends on the model. EVs benefit from regenerative braking (fewer brake failures) and simpler drivetrains. But they are heavier and wear tyres faster. The Volvo XC40 Recharge (1.99% per 10k) performs well. The Tesla Model 3 (3.62-3.94%) and Mini Cooper S Electric (6.84%) do not. EV ownership does not guarantee a good MOT result.

Why does mileage adjustment matter?

A car that has covered 60,000 miles will naturally have more worn components than one that has done 13,000. Raw pass rates penalise high-mileage cars unfairly. The mileage-adjusted metric (failures per 10,000 miles) compares build quality on a level playing field. It reveals, for example, that the Mercedes E 300 at 60,000 miles is actually one of the best, despite its average-looking raw pass rate.

How we calculated this

Data source: DVSA anonymised MOT test results, 2024 test year. 2,421,070 car-only tests on 2021-registered vehicles.

Mileage adjustment: (failure rate / average mileage at test) × 10,000. This gives a normalised “failures per 10,000 miles” score. Lower is better.

Minimum sample: 500 tests per model for the full rankings, 2,000 tests for the curated tables. Vans and commercial vehicles excluded.

Limitations: Average mileage, not per-vehicle. Does not account for driving conditions or regional variation. Japanese imports face a standards gap, not a quality gap.

Some links are to services we may earn from. Disclosure.

MOT data from DVSA anonymised test results, 2024 test year. Crown copyright, OGL v3.0. Pass rates are statistical summaries, not assessments of individual vehicle safety.